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Movement - uncontrolled or slow

Dystonia; Involuntary slow and twisting movements; Choreoathetosis; Leg and arm movements - uncontrollable; Arm and leg movements - uncontrollable; Slow involuntary movements of large muscle groups; Athetoid movements

 

Uncontrolled or slow movement is a problem with muscle tone, usually in the large muscle groups. The problem leads to slow, uncontrollable jerky movements of the head, limbs, trunk, or neck.

Considerations

 

The abnormal movement may be reduced or disappear during sleep. Emotional stress makes it worse.

Abnormal and sometimes strange postures may occur because of these movements.

 

Causes

 

The slow twisting movements of muscles (athetosis) or jerky muscle contractions (dystonia) may be caused by one of many conditions, including:

  • Cerebral palsy
  • Drug side effects
  • Encephalitis
  • Genetic diseases
  • Hepatic encephalopathy
  • Huntington disease
  • Stroke

Sometimes two conditions (such as a brain injury and medication) interact to cause the abnormal movements when neither one alone would cause a problem.

 

Home Care

 

Get enough sleep and avoid too much stress. Take safety measures to avoid injury. Follow the treatment plan your doctor prescribes.

 

When to Contact a Medical Professional

 

Call your health care provider if:

  • You have unexplained movements that you cannot control
  • The problem is getting worse
  • Uncontrolled movements occur with other symptoms

 

What to Expect at Your Office Visit

 

The doctor will perform a physical exam. This may include a detailed examination of the nervous and muscle systems.

The doctor will ask about your medical history and symptoms, including:

  • When did you develop this problem?
  • Is it always the same?
  • Is it always present or only sometimes?
  • Is it getting worse?
  • Is it worse after exercise?
  • Is it worse during times of emotional stress?
  • Have you been injured or in an accident recently?
  • Have you been sick recently?
  • Is it better after you sleep?
  • Does anyone else in your family have a similar problem?
  • What other symptoms do you have?
  • What medicines are you taking?

Tests that may be ordered include:

  • Blood studies (such as metabolic panel , complete blood count ( CBC ), blood differential )
  • CT scan of the head or affected area
  • EEG
  • EMG and nerve conduction velocity studies (sometimes done)
  • Genetic studies
  • Lumbar puncture
  • MRI of the head or affected area
  • Urinalysis

Treatment is based on the movement problem the person has and on the condition that may be causing the problem. If medicines are used, the health care provider will decide which medicine to prescribe based on the person's symptoms and any test results.

 

 

Open References

References

Jankovic J, Lang AE. Movement disorders. In: Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, eds. Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012:chap 21.

Lang AE. Other movement disorders. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman's Cecil Medicine . 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 410.

 
  • Muscular atrophy

    Muscular atrophy - illustration

    Muscular atrophy is the decrease in size and wasting of muscle tissue. Muscles that lose their nerve supply can atrophy and simply waste away.

    Muscular atrophy

    illustration

    • Muscular atrophy

      Muscular atrophy - illustration

      Muscular atrophy is the decrease in size and wasting of muscle tissue. Muscles that lose their nerve supply can atrophy and simply waste away.

      Muscular atrophy

      illustration

    A Closer Look

     

      Self Care

       

        Tests for Movement - uncontrolled or slow

         
           

          Review Date: 2/3/2015

          Reviewed By: Amit M. Shelat, DO, FACP, Attending Neurologist and Assistant Professor of Clinical Neurology, SUNY Stony Brook, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

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